The sculptor of the idol on Liberty Island, Frédéric Auguste
Bartholdi, called his creation “La Liberté éclairant le monde (Liberty Enlightening
the World)”. During the period he was crafting it, the other famous French
sculptor of the day, François-Auguste-René Rodin, was working on a sculpture
named “The Gates of Hell” (shown below). The Rodin museum told me that Bartholdi and Rodin
never worked together, but if the “Statue of Liberty’s” torch does indeed
represent Demeter peering into the Gate of Hell looking for her daughter
Persephone the two sculptures make an interesting contemporaneous pair. Maybe someday
Rodin’s sculpture can replace the doors currently on the sally port of Fort
Wood to complete the symbolism of Bartholdi’s idol.
The idol on Liberty Island was intended for the centennial
of the United States in 1876 but was not ready until ten years later. The big
news at the centennial celebration was the death of George Armstrong Custer and
members of the Seventh Cavalry at the Battle of the Greasy Grass (Little
Bighorn) a few days earlier. The forty shields at the top of the pedestal on
which the idol is mounted represent the forty states in existence when the idol
was dedicated. The statehood of the final two, North and South Dakota, was made
possible because Custer had led the geological expedition which found gold in
the Black Hills. The subsequent violations of the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868 started
the chain of events which led directly to Custer’s death.
I am struck by the similarity between the following three phrases:
- Liberty Enlightening the World (Bartholdi’s name for the idol),
- I lift my lamp beside the golden door (final line of Emma Lazarus’s sonnet),
- Konx Ompax, translated variously as “light in extension”, “light rushing out in one ray”, “light is strength”, or “attainment of the star” (a phrase from the Great Eleusinian Mysteries and the ceremonies of other secret societies).
If the golden door to which Lazarus refers is Rodin’s Gate
of Hell, then symbolically the light with which the idol is “enlightening the
world” is the burning fires of hell.
America’s first great Crusade in Europe (World War II) began
with the successful invasion of North Africa known as “Operation Torch”.
Symbolically, that invasion which brought the “torch of liberty” to Africa and
Europe began on November 8, 1942 (a date on which the Gate of Hell was open).
General Eisenhower’s chief of Staff during the invasion was Walter Bedell
Smith. Smith was born on October 5, 1895, another date on which the Gate of
Hell was open. He went on to become one of the early directors of the Central
Intelligence Agency.
Whose light are we bringing into the world: that of Lucifer
or that of Jesus Christ? Turn on your TV, surf through the channels, and the
answer to this question should be painfully obvious.
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